In particular, exercise-induced physiological hypertrophy provides substantial cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury and pressure overload insult. Physiological hypertrophy is characterized by increased cardiac size with normal and/or enhanced cardiac function. Adaptive hypertrophy involves physiological cardiac hypertrophy induced by physiological stimuli, such as exercise and pregnancy, and compensated hypertrophy in response to hemodynamic stress, neurohumoral stimuli and other pathological insults. Hypertrophy is broadly divided into two categories: adaptive and maladaptive. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.Ĭardiac hypertrophy is a generic response of the myocardium to various physiological and pathophysiological stimuli, characterized by increased cardiac mass relative to body weight. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper.įunding: The study was supported by national natural science foundation of China (81530009, 81300067, ) and National Key Basic Research Program of the People’s Republic of China (2012CB518000, ). Received: DecemAccepted: JanuPublished: February 12, 2016Ĭopyright: © 2016 An et al. PLoS ONE 11(2):Įditor: Yue Feng, Emory University, UNITED STATES (2016) Speckle Tracking Based Strain Analysis Is Sensitive for Early Detection of Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy. Moreover, multiple strain readouts distinguish pathological cardiac hypertrophy from physiological hypertrophy.Ĭitation: An X, Wang J, Li H, Lu Z, Bai Y, Xiao H, et al. Taken together, our study indicates that strain analysis offers a more sensitive approach for early detection of cardiac dysfunction than conventional echocardiography.
Interestingly, strain analysis revealed cardiac dysfunction only in ISO-induced pathological hypertrophy but not the physiological hypertrophy induced by exercise.
#PATHOLOGICAL HYPERTROPHY DEFINITION ISO#
No change was detected on fractional shortening (FS), E/A and E’/A’ at 3 days or 7 days after ISO injection. In contrast, conventional echocardiography, only detected altered E/E’, an index reflecting cardiac diastolic function, at 7 days after ISO injection. Moreover, unlike the regional changes in cardiac infarction, strain analysis revealed global cardiac dysfunction that affects the entire heart in ISO-induced hypertrophy. Strain analysis, including radial strain (RS), radial strain rate (RSR) and longitudinal strain (LS), showed marked decrease as early as 3 days after ISO injection.
Physiological cardiac hypertrophy was established by daily treadmill exercise for six weeks. Pathological hypertrophy was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of ISO. Here we report that speckle tracking-based strain analysis is more sensitive than conventional echocardiography for early detection of pathological cardiac hypertrophy in the isoproterenol (ISO) mouse model. However, early detection of cardiac hypertrophy is difficult by the currently used non-invasive method and new approaches are in urgent need for efficient diagnosis of cardiac malfunction. Cardiac hypertrophy is a key pathological process of many cardiac diseases.
0 kommentar(er)
